Slovo 4, 2017
ARTICLES
Bogdan-Mihăiță BARTOLIS
Abstract. The middle of the 19th century saw the rise of the Realist movement as the new dominant cultural phenomenon. While it essentially opposed the picturesque worldview of Romanticism, literary realism continued nevertheless to build upon themes that were particular to the Romantic Era. Such a theme is that of escapism, which is present in Nikolai Gogol’s Diary of a Madman and Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s novel The Double. This article explains how the social status of the main characters in the two texts plays a crucial role in the process that leads to a loss of sanity. The article argues that these works contain an underlying message of social criticism, seeing as they convey the bleak image of a society whose rigorous norms push the individual to psychological dissociation.
Keywords: society; madness; escapism; dissociation.
Andreea BĂJENARU
Idiotul. O actualizare în cinematografie (The Fool: An Actualization in Cinematography), p. 19-28
Abstract. The title suggests that the method used for the preparation of the essay is comparative analysis between a well-known literary work, „The Fool” written by Dostoyevsky and a cinematic work launched quite recently, „The Fool” („Durak” in Russian) by Yuriy Bykov. The purpose of the analysis is to present in a measure more or less emphasized the prototype of the „christian hero” embodied by both of the protagonists, to accentuate the disagreements with which they inevitably struggle and to underline the importance of the role played by this type of character all over the age and society.
Keywords: Christian love; self-sacrifice; compassion; the decadence and the misery of humanity.
Sabina-Cristina BULHAC
Abstract. This article focuses on Daniil Kharms, an eccentric Russian avant-garde writer, famous for his use of the grotesque and absurd. His story The Old Woman draws upon literary motifs found in Pushkin’s The Queen of Spades, while also holding a mirror to the tragic and, at times, absurd life in Soviet Russia. Kharms’ story shares many themes and motifs with Pushkin’s text: the “old lady” as a central motif, the clock, the dream, death, Saint Petersburg as main scenery. Ultimately, Kharms succeeds in his effort to demythologize the “old lady”.
Keywords: Daniil Harms; old lady; clock; dream; death.
Ioana DEPĂRĂȚEANU
Abstract. This article is an inquiry into the multifaceted influences of Impressionism on Fet’s lyrics. The question of Fet’s pertaining to a particular literary direction is complex. Our work aims to highlight, as clearly as possible, the impressionistic elements in Fet’s poems in order to understand how these influences entered the poetic discourse of the great lyricist. An analysis of ten poems suggests that Fet’s lyrics encompasses highly diverse influences, of which the most important are impressionist (expression of subjective sensations; the inextricable link between man and nature; the outside world as an incessant source of emotion; diffuse and confused feelings; games of lights and sounds that reverberate the poet’s biography, etc.).
Keywords: Impression; nature; colour; musicality; obscurity.
Nadia Raluca LAZA
Abstract. The essence of Russian Avant-Garde art and, above all, that of its extension, Futurism, has seeped into the writings of Velimir Khlebnikov. For this poet-prophet and reformer of poetic language, the world is revealed in surfaces and planes, read not only lyrically, but also mathematically. Thus, the constant, the pillar of Khlebnikov’s universe is the number. The study analyzes Khlebnikov’s poetic imaginary and highlights the cultural tendencies from the beginning of the 20th century in Russian literature; it goes on to define specific elements of Khlebnikov’s work, determining the methods used by the poet to create a new language and identifying artistic motifs and images, as well as their functions; finally, it analyzes the semantic and stylistic functions of numbers and their symbolism.
Keywords: futurism; ambiguity; metamorphosis; number; zaum (transrational language).
Alexandra Cristina MIHALACHE
Abstract. The subject of the present paper is an analysis of some of the most significant exotic motifs and images of Gumilyov’s lyrics. Exotic motifs and images play a huge role in the poet’s lyrics: his poems speak primarily of our world and our lives, in which there is always a place for dreams, and where there is always a place for mysticism.
Keywords: Acmeism; analysis; exotic motifs; Heaven on Earth.
Andreea MORAR
Abstract. The purpose of this research article is to analyze adaptation as a form of expression that creates a bridge between the written word and the image. Given the fact that literature and cinematography are two intertwined arts and that the relationship between them is the object of research of many scholars, our analysis is focused on the role of the author (as the producer of the original text) and on the role of the auteur (the adapting film director). The central theme of our work revolves around the concept of narrativity which is a characteristic that defines both text and film. Vladimir Nabokov’s novel, Lolita, is the departing point in our research which deals with the way the text was adapted for the big screen by Stanley Kubrick and Adrian Lyne. In our study we will give answers to questions concerning the nature of adaptation, as well as its consequences.
Keywords: adaptation; narrativity; authorship; literature; cinematography.
Ioana-Maria PICA
Abstract. This project studies the magnitude of the rational and scientific influences over the works of Ivan Efremov. The study is based on Limanul Curcubeului, a volume of collected short stories. To better explore Efremov’s particular style, the contents of this volume have been categorized thusly: realistic, mythical and futuristic. The works chosen to represent each category have been selected with respect of their relevance to the subject, as well as their uniqueness within Efremov’s collective writings.
Keywords: Science-fiction; Russian; short prose.
Iulia Mihaela ROȘU
Abstract. This article studies the female figures in one of Szczepan Twardoch’s best known novels, The Morfin. Female figures in contemporary literature show another side of women, we no longer read about ideal mothers and wives. The relationship between the main character, Kostek and the women in his life is one of submission; he is weak while the women in his life have strong, dominant personalities. His constant need of being around women creates a feminine alter ego in the character’s mind; his Grey Friend or The Voice, knows everything about the present, the past, even about the future, she knows everything about Kostek and remembers all of his childhood traumas, even his repressed memories. Although Kostek seems to be drawn into his vices and weaknesses by the women in his life, he unexpectedly finds his strength by a woman’s side.
Keywords: women; dominance; frustration; confusion; loss.
Dora-Ștefania STĂTULESCU
Abstract. The article discusses the narrative voice and its evolution in the early works of F.M. Dostoevsky. Three short stories (A Little Hero, A Christmas Tree and a Wedding, Another Man’s Wife and a Husband under the Bed) are analyzed narratologically with the aim to highlight the narrative strategies used by the author. The article also presents an analysis of the main narrative techniques used in Dostoevsky’s masterpiece, The Brothers Karamazov, since in the mature works of the writer exhibit the same strategies, but at a more sophisticated level.
Keywords: narrator; metaliterature; objectivity; subjectivity.